INDICATIONS AND USAGE
The AMPLATZERTM PFO Occluder is indicated for percutaneous transcatheter closure of a patent foramen ovale (PFO) to reduce the risk of recurrent ischemic stroke in patients, predominantly between
the ages of 18 and 60 years, who have had a cryptogenic stroke due to a presumed paradoxical embolism,
as determined by a neurologist and cardiologist following an evaluation to exclude known causes of ischemic stroke.
CONTRAINDICATIONS
• Patients with intra-cardiac mass, vegetation, tumor or thrombus at the intended site of implant, or documented evidence of venous thrombus in the vessels through which access to the PFO is gained.
• Patients whose vasculature, through which access to the PFO is gained, is inadequate to accommodate the appropriate sheath size.
• Patients with anatomy in which the AMPLATZERTM PFO device size required would interfere with other intracardiac or intravascular structures, such as valves or pulmonary veins.
• Patients with other source of right-to-left shunts, including an atrial septal defect and/or fenestrated septum.
• Patients with active endocarditis or other untreated infections.
WARNINGS
• Patients who are at increased risk for venous thromboembolic events should be managed with thromboembolic risk reduction regimen after the PFO Closure following standard of care.
• Do not use this device if the sterile package is open or damaged.
• Prepare for situations that require percutaneous or surgical removal of this device. This includes availability of a surgeon.
• Embolized devices must be removed as they may disrupt critical cardiac functions. Do not remove an embolized occluder through intracardiac structures unless the occluder is fully recaptured inside a catheter or sheath.
• Patients who are allergic to nickel can have an allergic reaction to this device.
• This device should be used only by physicians who are trained in standard transcatheter techniques.
• Transient hemodynamic compromise may be encountered during device placement, which may require fluid replacement or other medications as determined by the physician.
• Do not release the device from the delivery cable
if the device does not conform to its original configuration, or if the device position is unstable or if the device interferes with any adjacent cardiac structure (such as Superior Vena Cava (SVC), Pulmonary Vein (PV), Mitral Valve (MV), Coronary Sinus (CS), aorta (AO)). If the device interferes with an adjacent cardiac structure, recapture the device and redeploy. If still unsatisfactory, recapture the device and either replace with a new device or refer the patient for alternative treatment.
• Ensure there is sufficient distance from the PFO to the aortic root or SVC (typically defined as 9 mm or greater as measured by echo). See Figure 6. and Figure 7.
PRECAUTIONS
• The safety and effectiveness of the AMPLATZERTM PFO Occluder has not been established in
patients (with):
n Age less than 18 years or greater than 60 years because enrollment in the pivotal study (the RESPECT trial) was limited to patients 18 to 60 years old
n A hypercoagulable state including those with a positive test for a anticardiolipin antibody (IgG or IgM), Lupus anticoagulant, beta-2 glycoprotein-1 antibodies, or persistently elevated fasting plasma homocysteine despite medical therapy
n Unable to take antiplatelet therapy
n Atherosclerosis or other arteriopathy of the
intracranial and extracranial vessels associated with a ≥50% luminal stenosis
n Acute or recent (within 6 months) myocardial infarction or unstable angina
n Left ventricular aneurysm or akinesis
n Mitralvalvestenosisorseveremitralregurgita-
tion irrespective of etiology
n Aortic valve stenosis (mean gradient greater than 40 mmHg) or severe aortic valve regurgitation
n Mitral or aortic valve vegetation or prosthesis n Aortic arch plaques protruding greater than 4
mm into the aortic lumen
n Left ventricular dilated cardiomyopathy with left ventricular ejection fraction (LVEF) less than 35%
n Chronic, persistent, or paroxysmal atrial fibrillation or atrial flutter
n Uncontrolled hypertension or uncontrolled diabetes mellitus
n Diagnosis of lacunar infarct probably due to intrinsic small vessel as qualifying stroke event
n Arterial dissection as cause of stroke
n Index stroke of poor outcome (modified Rankin
score greater than 3)
n Pregnancy at the time of implant n Multi-organ failure
• Use on or before the last day of the expiration month that is printed on the product packaging label.
• This device was sterilized with ethylene oxide and is for single use only. Do not reuse or re-sterilize this device. Attempts to re-sterilize this device can cause a malfunction, insufficient sterilization, or harm to the patient.
• The AMPLATZERTM PFO Occluder device consists of a nickel-titanium alloy, which is generally considered safe. However, in vitro testing has demonstrated that nickel is released from this device for a minimum of 60 days. Patients who are allergic to nickel may have an allergic reaction to this device, especially those with a history of metal allergies. Certain allergic reactions can be serious; patients should be instructed to notify their physicians immediately if they suspect they are experiencing an allergic reaction such as difficulty breathing or inflammation of the face or throat. Some patients may also develop an allergy to nickel if this device is implanted.
• Store in a dry place.
• Pregnancy – Minimize radiation exposure to the
fetus and the mother.
• Nursing mothers – There has been no quantitative assessment for the presence of leachables in breast milk.
ADVERSE EVENTS
Potential adverse events that may occur during or after a procedure using this device may include, but are not limited to:
Air embolus Allergic drug reaction; Allergic dye reaction; Allergic metal reaction: Nitinol (nickel, titanium), platinum/iridium, stainless steel (chromium, iron, manganese, molybdenum, nickel); Anesthesia reactions; Apnea; Arrhythmia; Bacterial
endocarditis; Bleeding ; Brachial plexus injury; Cardiac perforation; Cardiac tamponade; Cardiac thrombus; Chest pain; Device embolization; Device erosion; Deep vein thrombosis; Death; Endocarditis; Esophagus injury; Fever; Headache/migraine; Hypertension/hypotension; Myocardial infarction; Pacemaker placement secondary to PFO device closure; Palpitations; Pericardial effusion; Pericardial tamponade; Pericarditis; Peripheral embolism; Pleural effusion; Pulmonary embolism; Reintervention for residual shunt/device removal; Sepsis; Stroke; Transient ischemic attack; Thrombus; Valvular regurgitation; Vascular access site injury;
Vessel perforation
